Kazakhstan
The Republic of Kazakhstan is country in Central Asia and it is the world's largest landlocked country. It is bounded by Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. The capital city is Astana. Kazakhstan is the 9th largest country by area in the world, but it has one of the lowest population densities at 6 people per square mile. The population is over 18 million.
On the territory of Kazakhstan, various empires have already developed. In the 13th century, the Mongols invaded Genghis Khan and conquered Kazakhstan. In the 17th and 18th centuries, Kazakhstan was again part of a Mongol rule. After that, Kazakhs subordinated itself to the Russian Tsar. In 1936, Kazakhstan was declared a Kazakh SSR as an independent union republic within the Soviet Union. During the Second World War, the Soviets used Kazakhstan as a dumping ground for potentially subversive minorities such as Germans from the western edge of Soviet Russia. Independent from the Soviet Union since 1991, Kazakhstan has had just one president, Nursultan Nazarbayev.
Kazakhstan is nominally a presidential republic, however, the president, Nursultan Nazarbayev, has been in office since before the fall of the Soviet Union. The country is therefore often considered a dictatorship.
The Order of the Golden Eagle was the highest title and is conferred by the President of Kazakhstan, upon Kazakh citizens and foreigners for exceptional services to the Republic.
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