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Würzburg is a city in the region of Franconia, northern Bavaria, Germany. The city has a population of around 130,000 people. It is the sixth largest city in Bavaria.

Würzburg was first mentioned as Virteburch of a Celtic settlement in 704. Later was a bishopric established there.
The bishopric was secularized in 1802, and the city passed to Bavaria in 1802/03. After that became Würzburg a Grand Duchy and it existed from 1806 to 1814. The dynasty of the Grand Duchy of Würzburg was Habsburg-Lorraine from Tuscany. 1815 Würzburg was restored to Bavaria again. 6 years later, a new bishopric was created.