Order of the Roman Eagle, Grand Cross Breast Star, in Silver (with wreath)
CATEGORY: Version
SKU: 01.ITA.0132.104.01.000
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Accompanied by the Star of the Order, an eight point silver star with clusters of five faceted rays, the obverse center presents a silver gilt cross patee with white enamel arms, sections of green enamelled laurel wreath in each quadrant, crossed swords with eagle head hilts pierce the central medallion, which presents a crowned eagle with a red and white enamelled shield of Savoy in it’s center on a blue enamelled field, reverse presents a single pin assembly with cartouche denoting the maker E GARDINO SUCC. CRAVANZOLA ROMA, measures 84.44mm (w) x 84.09mm (h), weighs 69.8 grams, centerpiece displays chips and wear to blue enamel, white and green enamel intact, centerpiece slightly loose, overall near extremely fine condition. Accompanied by the full-length sash of the order in purple and white watered silk, measures 795mm (l – folded in half), 102mm (w), with bow, heavily faded on bottom third of ribbon and bow, hook slightly misaligned, very fine condition.
This short-lived Order was founded by Victor Emanuel III, and it was awarded to citizens of "friendly" foreign nations in recognition of extraordinary civil and military merit.
The Order was officially awarded from 1942-1944, but it was discontinued by Umberto II on October 5, 1944. It continued to be awarded unofficially by Benito Mussolini from 1944-1945, during the Italian Social Republic.
The Order has two main categories, civil merit awards and military merit awards. The awards for civil merit feature a wreath between the cross arms, while the awards for military merit feature crossed swords and a wreath between the cross arms.
On August 24, 1942, the Order statutes were amended to emulate the Order of the German Eagle, resulting in the division of the Grand Cross into two separate grades, the Gold Grand Cross and the Silver Grand Cross, and the addition of a Silver Medal and Bronze Medal to the Order.
The awards conferred from 1942-1943 feature a crowned eagle with the shield of Savoy on the obverse medallion. While the awards conferred from 1944-1945 feature a crown-less eagle without the shield of Savoy and a fasces clutched in its talons on the obverse medallion.
The medals awarded for civil merit feature an eagle with spread wings holding a fasces in its talons on the obverse medallion. The medals awarded for military merit feature an eagle with spread wings holding a fasces in its talons and crossed swords behind the eagle on the obverse medallion.
The Silver Grand Cross grade was reserved for high ranking political figures.
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